---
title: Understanding Astigmatism - The Mind's Eye | VBA
description: Did you know that 1 in 3 Americans have an astigmatism?
---

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Did you know that [1 in 3](https://www.aao.org/newsroom/eye-health-statistics) Americans have an astigmatism?

What exactly is astigmatism? Simply put, an astigmatism is caused by an [irregular curve](https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-astigmatism) in the eye’s cornea or lens. Imagine the eye being shaped like a basketball. With an astigmatism, the eye is shaped more like a football.

This imperfect shape can occur in two ways. When the eye is shaped like a football lying on its side, it is considered a <https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-astigmatism> astigmatism. When it’s shaped like a football sitting on its tip, this is [considered an against-the-rule](https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-astigmatism) astigmatism.

So why is this an issue? When the eye is shaped normally, the cornea and lens are smooth and equally curved in all directions. The eye is able to focus light rays sharply onto the retina in the back of the eye. With an irregular curvature that comes with astigmatism, the light rays aren’t able to be [refracted properly](https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-astigmatism), causing blurred or distorted vision from near and far distances.

There are [two variations](https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-astigmatism) of astigmatism. Corneal astigmatism happens when the shape of the cornea is distorted. Similarly lenticular astigmatism happens when the shape of the lens is distorted. In both cases, objects both near and far appear blurry and distorted.

Though cases of astigmatism occur in various age groups, its likelihood can increase based on [family history](https://www.healthline.com/health/astigmatism#risk-factors) and [prior eye conditions or injuries.](https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/astigmatism?sso=y)

[Common symptoms](https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/astigmatism?sso=y) of this condition include blurred vision, eye discomfort and headaches. Astigmatism can be diagnosed during a vision care exam. Upon diagnosis, your eye care provider will be able to determine what type of [lenses](https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/astigmatism?sso=y) are needed to correct your vision. In more severe cases, [refractive surgery](https://www.healthline.com/health/astigmatism#complications) is an option, which will permanently correct your astigmatism.

To detect and treat astigmatism, it’s important to have regular eye exams and keep an eye on your vision health.

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